Renaissance History Time Line - With Maritime Significance
Assembled By Captain Maclaren - Privateers of the Dauntless - updated 1/2/2009
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This time line is a compilation of several time lines for
the 1500's to include England, Scotland and some outside influences such as
Spain. I've also added several maritime significant items to provide the
interlock with the general history time line. If you find errors, or have a
significant item that should be added please drop me a note at Captain "at"
DauntlessPrivateers.org
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| 1481 | Pope Alexander VI grants King John II of Portugal a monopoly in the Ocean Sea towards the region south of the Canary Islands (East Indies Trade) | ||
| 1492 | The Americas discovered | ||
| 1493 | Pope Alexander VI grants Spain rights to trade and conquest across the ocean Sea beyond Meridian 100 leagues west of the Azores. (Americas) | ||
| 1500 | |||
| 1508 | Sir Andrew Barton sent by the Government of Scotland to assist the King's relation, Hans of Denmark | ||
| 1511 | Andrew Barton sent to Copenhagen with his two ships the 'Lion' and the 'Jenny Pirwin'. | ||
| 1511 | Aug | 2 | Admiral Sir Andrew Barton was killed in a fierce battle fought in The Downs, his ships were captured by Sir Edward Howard and they became the possessions of the English Navy |
| 1519 | Oct | 20 | Magellan leaves Spain on the first Round the World passage |
| 1521 | April | 27 | Magellan killed in Philippines |
| 1527 | Philip II of Spain Born | ||
| 1529 | Charles V, the Holy Roman Emperor and King of Spain solves dispute over rights to Archipelagoes by selling claim to Portugal for 350,000 Ducats - Queen Elizabeth and King Francis of France take issue to the Pope dividing up the world. | ||
| 1532 | John Hawkins Born | ||
| 1533 | Sept | 9 | Queen Elizabeth I Born |
| 1536 | Anne Boleyn executed for treason - Henry VIII marries Jane Seymour | ||
| 1537 | Elizabeth declared a bastard | ||
| 1537 | Edward born to Henry VIII and Jane Seymour | ||
| 1537 | Jane Seymour dies Lady Jane Grey born | ||
| 1539 | Henry marries and separates from Anne of Cleves | ||
| 1540 | Henry marries Anne Boleyn's cousin Catherine Howard | ||
| 1542 | Catherine Howard executed | ||
| 1542 | Dec | 12 | Mary Queen of Scots is born |
| 1543 | Henry marries Catherine Parr | ||
| 1545 | July | 7 | The English ship "Mary Rose" Sunk |
| 1547 | Henry VIII dies; Edward VI crowned; Elizabeth lives with Catherine Parr | ||
| 1548 | Elizabeth leaves Catherine Parr's household under questionable circumstances because of rumors of an affair between Elizabeth and Thomas Seymour, Catherine's husband | ||
| 1548 | Catherine dies in childbirth | ||
| 1548 | Mary Queen of Scots moved to France and pledged in marriage to Francis, Dauphin of France | ||
| 1549 | Thomas Seymour tried and executed for treason | ||
| 1551 | Elizabeth returns to court in London | ||
| 1552 | Walter Raleigh Born | ||
| 1553 | Lady Jane Grey becomes Queen of England and is de-throned 9 days later | ||
| 1554 | Mary I married Philip II of Spain | ||
| 1554 | Feb | 2 | Lady Jane Grey is Beheaded |
| 1554 | Protestant rebellion and rumors of Elizabeth's involvement have her imprisoned in the Tower of London on false charges. | ||
| 1555 | Charles V, abdicates thrown to his son Philip II | ||
| 1555 | Mary I has 300 heretics burned at the stake. - Philip II leaves for Netherlands | ||
| 1557 | King Philip II of Spain declares bankruptcy | ||
| 1557 | King Philip II of Spain send his half sister Margaret of Parma to Netherlands as Regent. | ||
| 1558 | Mary I Queen of England Dies | ||
| 1558 | Nov | 11 | Elizabeth I ascended the throne of England |
| 1558 | Spain and England becoming staunch religious and political enemies, open conflict to inevitable | ||
| 1558 | April | Mary Queen of Scots marries Francis, Dauphin of France | |
| 1559 | King Henry II died and was succeeded by Francis II, Mary now Queen of France | ||
| 1560 | Dec | 12 | Mary Queen of Scots returns to Scotland |
| 1560 | King Francis II of France Dies | ||
| 1563 | Captain Hawkins arrives in Spanish Main to trade slaves, such trade is forbidden by Spanish Authorities. | ||
| 1564 | Christopher Marlowe born | ||
| 1564 | Feb | 15 | Galileo Galilei born in Pisa, Italy |
| 1564 | April | 26 | William Shakespeare baptized in Stratford-on-Avon, England |
| 1565 | Hawkins return to Plymouth from 2nd voyage to Spanish main, Queen Elizabeth a major investor, the Spanish Ambassador lodging a formal complaint at court. | ||
| 1565 | Mary Stuart marries Lord Darnley, strengthening her claim to the throne of England. | ||
| 1567 | Feb | 2 | Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley is killed |
| 1568 | Counts Egmont and Count Hoorne are beheaded as leaders of the Netherlands rebellion against Spain. Prince William of Orange escapes. | ||
| 1568 | Mary Queen of Scot imprisoned in England | ||
| 1570 | Elizabeth declared a Heretic by the Pope, English subjects are given license and absolution in advance to take up arms against HRM | ||
| 1572 | Captain Drake seizure of Nombre de Dios | ||
| 1572 | A fleet of 24 ships with letters of Marque from Prince William of Orange are denied supplies and driven from Dover by order of Queen Elizabeth. | ||
| 1572 | April | 1 | Dutch fleet (above) takes town of Den Briel (Brill), other Dutch ports quickly fall to rebel fleet |
| 1573 | Sept | 28 | Michelangelo Buanarroti born in Caprese, Italy |
| 1573 | King Philip II and the Pope sign a treaty to invade England and exterminate the Heretic Elizabeth | ||
| 1574 | Oct | 3 | After 9 month siege William of Orange cuts dykes allowing flotilla of armed barges to reach and take Leiden |
| 1575 | King Philip II of Spain declares bankruptcy again | ||
| 1577 | Captain Drake begins the circumnavigation of the world | ||
| 1580 | Captain Drake completes the circumnavigation of the world | ||
| 1575 | King Philip II of Spain seizes crown of Portugal | ||
| 1581 | Captain Drake Knighted - now Sir Francis Drake | ||
| 1582 | Shakespeare married | ||
| 1585 | Sept | 9 | War with Spain broke out |
| 1586 | Feb | 2 | Mary Queen of Scot marries Earl of Bothwell |
| 1586 | Sir Francis Drake attacks Cartagena | ||
| 1587 | Feb | 2 | Mary Queen of Scot beheaded by Elizabeth |
| 1587 | Drake destroys Spanish fleet at Cadiz | ||
| 1587 | Sept | 9 | King Philip II give final orders for the armada - invasion of England |
| 1587 | Oct | 10 | Armada gathered in Lisbon Spain and due to sail |
| 1588 | May | 5 | Armada finally set sail for England |
| 1588 | June | 6 | Armada put in to La Coruna due to storms |
| 1588 | July | 7 | Armada Set sail again - 138 ships 24,000 soldiers |
| 1588 | Aug | 8 | English ships attach Spanish Grand Griffon |
| 1588 | Aug | 8 | Spanish armada ordered home and defeated |
| 1588 | John Hawkins Knighted | ||
| 1589 | April | 4 | England send 126 ships to attack Spain |
| 1595 | Nov | 11 | Sir John Hawkins killed |
| 1595 | Amsterdam "From Afar" company sends Merchant fleet to East Indies ( See info on Ship Duyfken) | ||
| 1596 | King Philip II of Spain declares bankruptcy yet again (3rd time) | ||
| 1596 | Shakespeare writes Romeo and Juliet | ||
| 1598 | Philip II of Spain Dies | ||
| 1603 | March | 3 | Queen Elizabeth I dies |
| 1603 | England makes peace with Spain | ||
| 1603 | James VI of Scotland, who became James I of England | ||
| 1618 | Sir Walter Raleigh Dies | ||